The Fatimid Caliphs were considered to be the descendants of the Ismaili Seventh Imam, with the last ones going into hidingg though in the now-dominant Nizari Ismaili branch of Ismailism there never was any occlusion (going into hiding) or ending of the line- is the current Imam of the Nizaris. While the Twelvers believe that their Twelfth Imam went into hiding, the Ismaili story is very different. The Ismailis and proto-Twelvers split after the reign of the sixth Imam, with each supporting a different claimant. The Ismailis were the most important during most of CK2's time period, most notably in the form of the Fatimid Caliphate in Egypt, and to a lesser extent in the form of the Hashashin. That is only the case for the Twelvers, who were not the dominant Shi'i group until towards the end of the time period. So, quite curiously, despite Twelver Shiism being the biggest sect of Shiism today, it does not actually appear in CKII in a distinct form - the "Shia Caliphate" title in CKII is actually the Ismaili Shi'a caliphate. The part of the event text where other Muslims dismiss the young Imam as a fraud references the historical Baghdad Manifesto, wherein the Abbasid caliph and a large group of Sunni and Twelver Shi'a scholars denied that the Fatimids were true descendants of Ali. The enormous numbers of troops in the "Rise of the Shi'a" event are supposed to give the AI the ability to simulate this sweeping, messianic conquest. He initially ruled what is modern-day Tunisia, but by the time of his death he had conquered all of North Africa, Egypt, and Palestine. While the event exaggerates the youth of the Shi'i leader, the founder of the Fatimid Caliphate, Abdullah al-Mahdi Billah, did travel to North Africa at a relatively early age to emerge from hiding and lay the foundations for a new Caliphate. The Ismailis, at the time, did not believe that their imam had been taken into "occultation" (i.e., divinely hidden and immortal) - rather, their imams were still present on earth and had simply gone into hiding for political reasons. The Ismailis followed a different line of imams - still descended from Muhammad and Ali, of course, but their line of succession split off from the Twelvers' line after the fifth imam. However, the Fatimids were Ismaili Shi'a, not Twelvers. u/omukawa describes the beliefs of the Twelver Shi'a, who, as the name suggests, believe in Twelve Imams. It simulates the rise of the Fatimid Caliphate. u/omukawa gives a good summary of Twelver Shi'a belief, but the "Rise of the Shi'a" event actually is supposed to simulate a particular historical event.
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